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Topic Meaning of Artha in Indian Thought — Beyond Wealth Accumulation

In Indian thought, the concept of artha encompasses material prosperity, purposeful living, and social stability, grounded in ethical principles. Unlike modern economics, artha is not an end in itself but a means to achieve higher human goals, integrated with dharma (moral order) and mokṣa (spiritual liberation). This holistic approach emphasizes wealth as a circulating resource for collective benefit, regulated by ethical norms and aimed at social welfare and stability.